WASHINGTON – The Marines’ handover of Camp Leatherneck to the Afghans is more than a signal that America’s longest war is ending. It is a reminder that the Marines’ battlefield gains were tempered by losses: 378 killed, nearly 5,000 wounded.
Camp Leatherneck is the sprawling base in Afghanistan’s Helmand province from which the Marines surged against the Taliban in 2009.
The keys to Leatherneck were turned over to Afghan authorities Sunday in a ceremony that also marked the handover of Camp Bastion, an adjacent British-run airfield.
Helmand province was the epicenter of President Barack Obama’s surge against the Taliban. The Marines focused on it so completely that some dubbed the patch of desert “Marine-istan.” It was the fight the Marines itched for after they switched their attention from Iraq’s Anbar province, which by 2008 had grown so quiet that Marines complained of boredom.
“There aren’t a whole heck of a lot of bad guys there left to fight,” the Marine Corps commandant at the time, Gen. James T. Conway, said in August 2008 with an eye on getting a piece of the Afghan action.
After the Marines had turned the tide in Helmand, the man who succeeded Conway, Gen. James Amos, said in 2011 that it was time to begin handing over control to the Afghans, whose ability to handle the Taliban and unify their fractured country would ultimately decide the outcome of the U.S. chapter of this war.
“We can’t stay in Afghanistan forever,” Amos said.
While there, the Marines took on the Taliban, mentored Afghan soldiers and executed a protect-the-population counterinsurgency strategy. They also suffered at the hands of Afghan allies who periodically turned their weapons on them in “green-on-blue” killings that peaked in 2012 but have since subsided.
The Marines point with pride to their successes in Helmand, where Afghan security forces now are in charge. But some question whether those gains will be sustained after the Marines are gone and the Taliban seek another comeback.
Just two years ago at the British-run Camp Bastion, adjacent to Leatherneck, the Taliban pulled off arguably their most stunning attack on a NATO base of the entire war: Fifteen insurgents breached the camp’s security perimeter and, using grenades, machine guns and other light weapons, killed two Marines and destroyed or heavily damaged nine aircraft.
In all, about 76,000 Marines served in Afghanistan since 2001, mostly in Helmand, according to Marine Corps records.
The Marines are now departing as the U.S. prepares to complete its combat mission in December and transition to a NATO-organized follow-on mission, called Resolute Support, to train and advise Afghan forces. There are still a little over 21,000 American troops in Afghanistan, down from a 2010-2011 peak of 100,000.
